Sunday, November 20, 2022

Art-Selling Strategies

 https://www.artsy.net/



Art Market

3 Italian Galleries Share How COVID-19 Shaped Their Art-Selling Strategies

Ayanna Dozier
Nov 11, 2022 10:20PM

In February 2020, New York looked towards Italy as the country experienced a devastating hit from COVID-19; their struggles soon traveled westward to U.S. shores. Now, nearly three years later, global lockdowns and travel restrictions have largely lifted, and Italy’s art scene is returning to its typical vibrancy.

The atmosphere was giddy and amorous at the opening of the 59th Venice Biennale earlier this spring, and that energy has continued throughout the duration of the Biennale (which closes November 27th). In October, scholars, activists, and artists returned to Venice for the powerful three-day symposium “The Loophole of Retreat,” organized by artist  to coincide with her presentation at the American pavilion. Crowds are also flocking to art events throughout Milan, Florence, and Rome.

Nevertheless, COVID-19 has forever altered the art market, and artists, curators, gallerists, and collectors have developed new strategies for communicating. Artsy spoke with gallery reps at , , and  about how the COVID-19 pandemic altered their gallery practices and how they are faring nearly three years after the initial outbreak.

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At the beginning of the pandemic, galleries around the world quickly transitioned to online sales models, increasing their social media presence or developing online viewing rooms. L’Aquila-based Studio Mariani Gallery, however, was already accustomed to online engagement, as the staff used Artsy and other online platforms. They actually noticed an increase in both sales and collector engagement during the early days of the pandemic. “Working mainly online, our activities during the pandemic have been continuous,” said the representatives. “We have focused on enhancing our archive by offering exhibitions and viewing rooms through Artsy. This is what we have always done, the pandemic has not changed our way of working.”

On the other side of the spectrum, staff at the Milan-based Studio Gariboldi said the pandemic completely rearranged their operations. They recalibrated their market strategies in order to survive. The lockdown eliminated audience attendance at the gallery and forced the team to adapt to what gallery director Giovanni Gariboldi described as a “smart working regime”—they used online platforms to reach their homebound audience. “I have increased our online presence and designed a new physical exhibition space in order to change our reception strategies,” Gariboldi wrote.

In Venice, meanwhile, Contini Art Gallery was at the center of the first wave of the pandemic. The gallery’s main storefront is just feet from the city’s central St. Mark’s Square, with another location in Contina d’Ampezzo in the heart of the Dolomites. The gallery’s staff noticed that as soon as Italians could travel within the country, a new, more regional audience began appearing at their shows. “We had the chance to strengthen relationships with local institutions and visitors that came to visit our magical city finally free from the mass tourism,” wrote gallery manager Riccarda Grasselli Contini.

As art world gatherings return to pre-pandemic levels of enthusiasm, Studio Mariani has noticed that collectors and visitors are also leaping at opportunities to reconnect in person. “The first [in-person] show after the long break due to [the pandemic] gave us great emotions, especially in seeing so much enthusiasm, emotion, and participation [from] the public,” gallery reps said. “The most curious thing was the strange desire of some passionate collectors to contemplate the most colorful and gestural works for a long time as if to absorb hidden energy.”

Mary Bauermeister
Studio fetich leftover, 1967-1971
Studio Gariboldi

Contini described a sense of “revenge travel” for collectors who were fatigued by global isolation during lockdown; they are now hungry for in-person events. Their adventurous mood has extended to their collecting practices, leading many to explore new aesthetic interests. Artists, too, are experimenting with new styles. “At the end of the health crisis we found ourselves in front of breathtaking masterpieces,” Contini wrote.

Despite this excitement for in-person art viewing experiences, these galleries’ online presences remain robust. “We are still struggling with the consequences of the economic crisis that resulted from the pandemic,” wrote reps from Studio Mariani. “Each acquisition or investment is the result of greater evaluations and reflections. We have planned a strategy that allows us to focus on our brand identity by excluding complex and expensive face-to-face exhibitions. We will continue to strongly believe in our online presence.”

Both Contini Art Gallery and Studio Gariboldi have similarly strengthened their online presence. Contini noted that she’s taking a more analytical, data-driven approach to social media and the gallery’s virtual sales platform. “With much optimism in 2021 about restructuring market hierarchies and innovation in the industry, we considered new ways of operating,” she said. “Whether for content circulation, sales, or maintaining relationships, an increased reliance on digital channels came as a surprise after the pandemic struck. Online digital presence has been revealed to be the keystone of the buyer experience to increase sales.”

With quintessential Italian verve, these galleries are finding fun, innovative ways to adapt to circumstances beyond their control. As the representatives from Studio Marini wrote, “[The pandemic gave us] the awareness that the rules of the game can change suddenly, from one day to the next, and that the only certainty to cling to is to fully believe in one’s artistic path with coherence, avoiding market bubbles and glittering appearances.”

Ayanna Dozier
Ayanna Dozier is Artsy’s Staff Writer.

Friday, November 18, 2022

smart people happiest alone

 

CULTURE & RELIGION — 

Why very smart people are happiest alone

A new study looks at our comfort in being around other people as a byproduct of evolution.
Quality time = alone time. (LUIGI MORANTE)

In a 2016 published study about how our ancestral needs impact our modern feelings, researchers uncovered something that will surprise few among the highly intelligent. While most people are happier when they’re surrounded by friends, smart people are happier when they’re not.


The researchers, Norman P. Li and Satoshi Kanazawa, of the Singapore Management University, Singapore and the London School of Economics and Political Science, UK, respectively, were investigating the “savanna theory” of happiness.

The savanna theory — also called the “evolutionary legacy hypothesis” and the “mismatch hypothesis” — posits that we react to circumstances as our ancestors would, having evolved psychologically based on our ancestors’ needs in the days when humankind lived on the savanna.

A savannah. Photo credit: BJØRN CHRISTIAN TØRRISSEN

The study analyzed data from interviews conducted by the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) in 2001-2002 with 15,197 individuals aged 18–28. The researchers looked for a correlation between where an interviewee lived — in a rural or urban area — and his or her life satisfaction. They were interested in assessing how population density and friendships affect happiness.

How We Feel About Being in Large Groups

Crowded (KEVIN CASE)

The study found that people, in general, were less happy in areas of greater population density. The report’s authors see this as support for the savanna theory because we would naturally feel uneasy in larger groups if — as evidence they cite suggests — our brains evolved for functioning in groups of about 150 people:

  • Comparing the size of our neocortex to other primates and the sizes of the groups in which they dwell suggests the natural size of a human group is 150 people (Dunbar, 1992).
  • Computer simulations show that the evolution of risk aversion happens only in groups of about 150 people (Hintze, Olson, Adami, & Hertwig, 2013).
  • The average size of modern hunter-gatherer societies is 148.4 people (Dunbar, 1993).
  • Neolithic villages in Mesopotamia had from 150–200 people (Oates, 1977).
  • When a group of people exceeds 150-200 people, it will tend to break into two in order to facilitate greater cooperation and reciprocity among its members (Chagnon, 1979).
  • The average personal network, as suggested by the typical number of holiday cards sent per person per year, is 153.5 people (Hill & Dunbar, 2003).

The study discovered, though, that the negative effect of the presence of lots of people is more pronounced among people of average intelligence. They propose that our smartest ancestors were better able to adapt to larger groups on the savanna due to greater strategic flexibility and innate ingenuity, and so their descendants feel less stressed by urban environments today.

You’ve Got to Have Friends. Or Not.

BFFs (SONNY ABESAMIS)

While it seems self-evident that good friendships increase life satisfaction in most people, Li and Satoshi and Kanazawa note, surprisingly, that they know of only a single study that looked at the reason why this is true, and which concluded friendships satisfy psychological needs such as relatedness, the need to be needed, and an outlet for sharing experiences. Still, the reason a person has those needs remains unexplained.

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Li and Kanazawa feel that we need look no further than the savanna. They say that friendships/alliances were vital for survival, in that they facilitated group hunting and food sharing, reproduction, and even group child-rearing.

The data they analyzed supports the assumption that good friendships — and a few good ones are better than lots of weaker ones — do significantly increase life satisfaction for most people.

In highly intelligent people, though, the finding is reversed: Smart people feel happier alone than when others, even good friends, are around. A “healthy” social life actually leaves highly intelligent people with less life satisfaction. Is it because their desires are more aspirational and goal-oriented, and other people are annoyingly distracting?

However, just in case this makes too much sense, the study also found that spending more time socializing with friends is actually an indicator of higher intelligence! This baffling contradiction is counter-intuitive, at least. Unless these smart people are not so much social as they are masochistic.


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